Autonomous Learning Group University of Tübingen

Reinforcement Learning for Diverse Solutions

Offline Diversity Under Imitation Constraints

From a background dataset blue and expert data without actions yellow we learn diverse behaviors.
From a background dataset (blue) and expert data without actions (yellow) we learn diverse behaviors.

Our offline algorithm maximizes skill diversity under imitation constraints. It effectively performs on standard benchmarks and real robot data, showcased on a 12-DoF quadruped robot.

We study the offline setting, i.e., when only data from previous interactions are available and no further environmental interaction is possible. We propose the first principled offline method for maximizing skill diversity under imitation constraints. The method requires access to an explorative dataset of the environment and a few demonstrations of solving a task. Here, we focus on the challenging and practically relevant setting where the demonstrations are provided only in terms of visited states, i.e., without actions. To generate diversity, based on an information-theoretic objective, the method trains a skill discriminator.

The follow-up work eliminates the need to learn a skill discriminator by providing an offline estimator of the Van der Waals (VdW) distance. We also use Functional Reward Encoding to better handle non-stationary rewards, allowing for stable, efficient training and zero-shot recall of all skills encountered during training.

Publications

2026

Dual-Force: Enhanced Offline Diversity Maximization under Imitation Constraints
Dual-Force: Enhanced Offline Diversity Maximization under Imitation Constraints
Pavel Kolev, Marin Vlastelica, Georg Martius
arXiv preprint  ·  2026

2024

Offline Diversity Maximization Under Imitation Constraints
Offline Diversity Maximization Under Imitation Constraints
Marin Vlastelica, Jin Cheng, Georg Martius, Pavel Kolev
arXiv preprint  ·  2024